When Can Self-Play Fix a False Belief? Answer Keys, Pass Bands and Replacement Rules in an Execution-Grounded Loop
The loop: Qwen3 4B Base generates output prediction tasks and Python code, then executes the code to derive answer keys. The model trains on these self generated, execution verified keys to correct its own planted false beliefs about task specifications.
An analysis of execution grounded self play reveals that training on self generated code execution only fixes a model's false beliefs if the answer key comes from an unplanted teacher model rather than the model's own flawed implementation.






